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The Meditations of Marcus Aurelius, Selections Annotated and Explained by Malaspina Great Books Web Editor Russell McNeil PhD
The Meditations of Marcus Aurelius:
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Russell McNeil, PhD
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In 1862 the English literary critic and poet Matthew Arnold described Marcus Aurelius as "the most beautiful figure in history." The Stoicism of Aurelius is grounded in rationality and rests solidly on an ethical approach rooted in nature. Stoicism promises real happiness and joy in this life and a serenity that can never be soured by personal misfortune. This philosophy has universal appeal with practical implications on problems ranging from climate change and terrorism to the personal management of sickness, aging, depression and addiction. I truly believe that the Meditations of Marcus Aurelius has much to offer us now...(Click on book cover for more)

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Category:Science
Modern Science
Name:Rebecca Craighill Lancefield - Biology Series
Birth Year:1895
Death Year:1981
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Born into an Army family at Fort Wadsworth, New York, Rebecca Craighill Lancefield became interested in scientific studies while an undergraduate at Wellesley College. She earned her Ph.D. in immunology and bacteriology at Columbia University, where she was a student of Edmund Beecher Wilson and Thomas Hunt Morgan. While at Columbia, she also worked at the Rockefeller Institute, later to be known as Rockefeller University. It was at this institution that she became a professor of microbiology.

Her basic research, for which she received the Lasker Award, was concerned with streptococcal infections, and her work came to be known as the Lancefield classification system of these infections.

Prior to her findings, the medical world had believed that each type of clinical infection (e.g., scarlet fever, sore throat, erysipelas) was caused by a streptococcal bacterium that was specific for each infection. Dr. Lancefield demonstrated that one group (Group A) of streptococcal bacteria could cause these diseases. Her system of classification of the more than sixty types of Group A streptococcal bacteria continues to be invaluable in the identification and treatment of streptococcal infections. Her outstanding work was also recognized in her election to membership in the National Academy of Sciences.

Her association with the Marine Biological Laboratory began early in her career. In 1920, she was listed as a Beginning Investigator in Zoology. In 1926, she was an Independent Investigator in Zoology. At that time, she was an assistant in the Department of the Hospital at Rockefeller Institute. Her summer attendance at the MBL continued in an almost unbroken line for the remainder of her life. She and her husband, Dr. Donald E. Lancefield, maintained a home in Woods Hole, and both chose to be buried here in the cemetery of the Church of the Messiah. [Adapted from Marine Biological Laboratory]

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This web page is part of a biographical database on Great Ideas. These are living ideas that have shaped, defined and directed world culture for over 2,500 years. By definition the Great Ideas are radical. As such they are sometimes misread, or distorted by popular simplifications. Understanding a Great Idea demands personal engagement. Our selection of Great Ideas is drawn from literature and philosophy, science, art, music, theatre, and cinema. We also include biographies of pivotal historical and religious figures, as well as contributions from women and other historically under-represented minorities. The result is an integrated multi-cultural and multi-disciplinary database built upon the framework of the always controversial Great Books Core List published in 1940 by the late Great Books Pioneer Mortimer Adler (1902-2001). Most of the works on that list are available in the 60 volume Great Books of the Western World.

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